uniform heating value near the design stage of the incinerator.
Externally supplied fuel and electricity are necessary for the burners and forced air ventilation. A correctly functioning dual-
chamber controlled air system will reduce problems with animal attraction since the production of bottom and fly ash and smoke
is minimized.
Section 2.3.2 is intended to provide the reader with a succinct introduction to incinerators. It is not intended to provide
information acceptable for the design, selection or operation of an incineration system. Any person considering purchasing
an incineration system should first consult the system’s manufacturer or other qualified persons with expertise in the
incineration of solid waste.
The role of municipal governments is important in the correct community management of solid waste. Local environmental and security
standards are determined, in part, by how the land is designated under municipal government development plans (i.e. land use
zoning). Solid waste may be deposited into municipal landfill sites only with the permission of the local authorities. The neighborhood
fire department may also be called upon if a fire or other public safety issue is identified. Properly designed and operated incinerators are able to effectively and safely
ruin a wide assortment of waste. Only incinerators designed for burning mixed municipal solid waste are discussed in the
guideline. The incineration of
hazardous and biomedical waste and sewage sludge requires specific equipment, operational controls and training which are
beyond the reach of the present document.
There are four basic kinds of incinerators. They vary based upon the amount of burn they have, the amount of air
provided to each chamber and how waste is fed into the primary burn chamber.
Dual-Chamber Starved The primary burn chamber receives less air than is needed to achieve full
Incinerator incinerator operates without interruption throughout the operating hours of the facility by having waste
continually added to the primary burn chamber.
Batch Feed Incinerator An incineration process that’s not in a constant or mass burning cycle. A batch feed incinerator
is billed with a different quantity or single load of waste at the start of the burn cycle. Although they are generally considered to have the greatest qualities of all the incinerators and open
burning methods mentioned, they must be designed for the type and quantity of waste to be burnt. Too little heat and holding
time won’t permit waste to burn properly; too much heat will harm the incinerator.
Figure 5 illustrates the design of a typical batch feed dual-chamber controlled air incinerator. The principal characteristics of this
kind of incinerator are:
Batch operation allows better control of temperature and air throughout the burn process. Air turbulence can be reduced in
the primary chamber so fewer particulates are released into the air from the stack.
Air System combustion. Gases from this incomplete combustion then pass into another burn chamber where adequate air
is injected and complete combustion is achieved.
Single Chamber Excessive More than a sufficient amount of air (as much as 50% more than the amount
Air System of air required ) is injected into the single burn chamber to achieve complete combustion of the waste.
Continuous Feed An incineration process that’s in a constant burn cycle. A continuous feed
is minimized.
Section 2.3.2 is intended to provide the reader with a brief introduction to incinerators. It is not intended to provide
information suitable for the design, selection or operation of an incineration system. Any person considering the purchase of
an incineration system should first consult the system’s manufacturer or other qualified persons with expertise in the
incineration of solid waste.
